- $6.76 billion annual loss of global farm income gains
- reduced global soybean, corn and canola production equal to 18.6 million tonnes, 3.1 million tonnes and 1.44 million tonnes respectively
- a net increase in the use of herbicides of 8.2 million kg of herbicide active ingredient (+1.7%)
- additional carbon emissions arising from increased fuel usage and decreased soil carbon sequestration, equivalent to adding 11.77 million cars to the roads
- forecast increases in world prices of all grains, oilseeds and sugar, especially soybeans (+5.4%) and rapeseed (+2%)
- additional cropping area of 762,000 ha required, of which 53% derives from new land brought into crop production, including 167,000 of deforestation
- these land use changes are likely to induce the generation of an additional 234,000 million kg of carbon dioxide emissions.
Published in the peer-reviewed journal GM Crops and Food, the full study is available to download here.