Matt, who grows wheat, barley and oilseed rape on his farm in Hampshire, is replacing Tom Bradshaw who was elected as Vice President at the NFU's annual conference in February.
Gloucestershire farmer James Cox has been elected to support Matt as vice chairman.
Matt Culley said: “I’m really excited to take on the role of crops board chairman and I look forward to working with the board to deliver a profitable and productive future for arable farmers across Britain.
“This is a challenging time for our sector, but I believe we can turn the challenges we face into opportunities – whether it’s trade, net zero or opening up new markets.
“As a board we have a lot of work to do, but I am confident we can help lead the crops sector to a place where we are delivering public goods alongside maintaining profitable businesses.
“I would like to thank Tom Bradshaw for his leadership over the past two years and wish him all the best in his new role as Vice President of the NFU.”
James Cox said: “This is such a crucial time for the arable sector and I’m really pleased to have been given the opportunity to have a role in shaping its future.
“Over the next couple of years we’re going to see new legislation on food production and environmental issues, and I am committed to working with Matt and the rest of the board to help deliver the best outcomes for our members and their businesses.”